California motorists have paid higher-than-average gasoline prices for decades, including years before SB 1 was enacted. The state requires a specialized cleaner-burning gasoline blend, particularly during summer months, and maintains fuel standards through the California Air Resources Board that exceed federal requirements. California’s fuel market also is relatively isolated from the rest of the country because it lacks major gasoline pipelines connecting it to other regions.
While California consistently pays a premium over the national average, major price spikes have generally occurred during global supply disruptions and geopolitical crises.
The dual-line comparison shows California’s prices generally rise and fall alongside national trends, though at a consistently higher baseline because of state taxes, environmental regulations, refinery constraints and fuel formulation requirements.
Kiley also criticized Pan’s role during the COVID-19 pandemic, claiming he “led the charge” to keep California schools closed longer than those in other states.
Pan, a physician who chaired legislative health committees during portions of the pandemic, was a prominent advocate for vaccination and public health measures. California did experience some of the nation’s longest periods of distance learning, although decisions regarding school closures and reopenings were made through a combination of state and local executive actions rather than by individual legislators.
Kiley further highlighted what he described as instances where he broke with both Democratic and Republican leadership, citing his support for preserving AmeriCorps funding, extending Affordable Care Act subsidies, supporting aid to Ukraine and opposing certain tariff and immigration proposals.
Pan’s campaign responded by embracing the prospect of debate while attacking Kiley’s voting record in Congress.
“Dr. Pan looks forward to debating ‘MAGA champion’ Kevin Kiley and holding him accountable for voting with Donald Trump 98% of the time,” Daisy Stein, spokesperson for Pan’s campaign, said in a statement.
The “MAGA champion” label references a 2022 endorsement in which President Trump described Kiley as a future “MAGA champion” in Congress. Pan’s campaign and allied Democratic groups repeatedly have cited congressional vote analyses showing Kiley has voted with Trump-backed positions in the overwhelming majority of votes where the president’s position was known publicly.
Neither campaign announced specific debate dates or locations, and Pan’s campaign did not indicate whether it would accept Kiley’s proposal to hold five of them.